Projects

Miami Circle - Modern Timeline

1992

The City of Miami revised its historic preservation ordinance to include a map of archaeological conservation areas identified by the County Archaeologist. Development within these areas required archaeological survey, monitoring, and mitigation, as appropriate, based on recommendations from the county.

May 1995

Miami-Dade County Archaeologist Bob Carr notifies the City of Miami that development plan for Brickell Point is within a city archaeological conservation area.

May 1998

Demolition of the Brickell Point Apartment buildings by Brickell Pointe Ltd., in preparation for construction two high-rise buildings.

June - July 1998

Monitoring of demolition and pre-construction work by Historic Preservation Services, Inc., pursuant to City of Miami and Miami-Dade County historic preservation ordinances.

June 1998

Discovery of intact black earth midden deposits at the site during demolition and pre-construction activities.

July 1998

Miami-Dade County Historic Preservation Division assumes responsibility for salvage archaeological excavations at the site, initially planned for 4 to 6 weeks. County Archaeologist John Ricisak serves as the field director, with field crew provided by the Archaeological and Historical Conservancy, Inc.

July - Sept. 1998

Excavation within three areas at the Brickell Point property reveals additional black earth midden, and numerous midden-filled holes in the Miami Oolite limestone.

October 1998

Discovery of the "Miami Circle."

Dec. 1998 - Jan 1999

Increased media attention to the discovery of the "Miami Circle."

January 1999

Dade Heritage Trust files suit against developer Michael Baumann in an attempt to prevent building permits to be issued. The suit is dismissed, but Baumann agrees to allow excavations to continue until early March, and then have the Miami Circle removed by a stonemason.

Feb. 1999

Miami-Dade County task force considers alternatives for preservation of the Miami Circle—including acquisition of the property.

Feb. 1999

Increasing public opinion in favor of preservation of the Circle—a considerable amount of information is disseminated via the internet, radio talkshows, and other media. The plan to cut the Circle out and move it is abandoned

Feb. 1999

Miami-Dade County files suit to gain the right to acquire the 2.2 acre Brickell Point property. Fieldwork suspended by the court.

March 1999

At this time various theories on the origin of the Circle include Mayan, Druid, Atlantean, and Extraterrestrial explanations, as well as the assertion by paranormal debunker James "Amazing" Randi, that the Circle is a 20th century feature related to the Brickell Point Apartment's septic tank. This view is adopted by Jerald Milanich, a curator at the Florida Museum of Natural History, who visits the site in April.

April 1999

State of Florida Conservation and Recreation Lands program staff visit the site, in response to acquisition application for state funds.

May 1999

An independent assessment of the site's origin and significance is conducted by archaeologist Brent Weisman (Univ. of South Florida), archaeologist George Luer, and preservation architect Herschel Shepard (Univ. of Florida). They conclude that the site probably represents the footprint of an important structure, built by the Tequesta or their ancestors.

May 1999

Florida Governor Jeb Bush and the Florida Cabinet, sitting as the Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Trust Fund, give acquisition priority to the Miami Circle in the ranking of Conservation and Recreation Lands properties.

June 1999

Miami-Dade County wins the right to acquire the property through eminent domain. A trial to determine the value of the property is set for October, 1999.

Sept. 1999

The September-October issue of Archaeology magazine contains archaeologist Jerald Milanich's article "Much Ado about a Circle," which contends that the Miami Circle feature may not be an ancient site.

Sept. 1999

University of Miami geologist Jackie Dixon concludes that the stone axes found at the Miami Circle are probably from the Macon, Georgia area, and not from Central America or the Caribbean.

Sept. 1999

The County and developer reach a settlement agreement, concluding that the County will pay 26.7 million dollars for the property. The Florida Governor and Cabinet agree to contribute state funds to the acquisition, pending an archaeological investigation by the Bureau of Archaeological Research.

October 1999

U.S. Senate passes a bill supporting a feasibility study of adding the Brickell Point property to Biscayne National Park. While this bill failed to pass the House, Florida Senator Bob Graham persisted and ultimately introduced a successful Senate Bill in 2002.

Oct. - Nov. 1999

Assessment of the property by the Bureau of Archaeological Research concludes that the Miami Circle is ancient and of human origin. Intact deposits are found across 70% of the 2.2. acre property, including many other holes cut into the limestone.

Nov. 1999

Miami-Dade County assembles monies for the purchase, including the $15 million from the state, and a bridge loan from the Trust for Public Land.

Dec. 1999

The State of Florida receives title to the property.

March 2000

John S. and James L. Knight Foundation donation of $1 million to Miami-Dade County to aid in repaying the bridge loan for the Circle acquisition. Another $1 million is obtained from the federal transportation enhancement monies by the Metropolitan Planning Organization.

May 2000

Cooperative project between Miami-Dade County and Florida Division of Historical Resources to back-fill open demolition trenches, remove trash and construction debris, and re-contour surface of the site.

June - August 2000

Randolph Widmer of the University of Houston, under a Chapter 1A-32 Archaeological Research Permit from the Bureau of Archaeological Research, conducts two 3-week field schools at the site. The results are similar to those of previous investigations.

July 2000

Publication of archaeologist Ryan Wheeler's report Cultural Resource Assessment of Brickell Point and the Miami Circle, as Florida Archaeological Reports No. 10.

July 2000

Monies from a Division of Historical Resources Special Category Grant become available. This grant, totaling almost $500,000, was awarded to the Historical Museum of Southern Florida, and is to develop a permanent exhibit on the archaeology of southern Florida, including the Miami Circle, and for additional excavation and analysis of materials from the Brickell Point site.

Feb. 2001

Florida Secretary of State appoints the Miami Circle Planning Group.

Aug. 13 2001

Meeting of the Miami Circle Planning Group.

Nov. 30 2001

Meeting of the Miami Circle Planning Group.

May 14 2002

Meeting of the Miami Circle Planning Group.

Sept. 2002

The Historical Museum of Southern Florida opens First Arrivals, a permanent exhibit on the prehistory of southern Florida and the Miami Circle.

Nov. 2002

The Florida Division of Historical Resources signs a long-term lease for the Miami Circle property with the Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Trust Fund.

June 27 2003

Meeting of the Miami Circle Planning Group.

October 2003

Reburial of the Miami Circle.

October 2003

President Bush signs Public Law 108-93 directing the Secretary of the Interior to conduct a Special Resource Study to determine the national significance of the Miami Circle site in the State of Florida as well as the suitability and feasibility of its inclusion in the National Park System as part of Biscayne National Park.

August 2004

The Division of Historical Resources enters into a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) with the National Park Service to fund the Special Resource Study authorized by Congress and the President.

Sept. 2004

The Miami Circle Planning Group is discontinued as the National Park Service Special Resource Study begins.

June 2004

Publication of The Florida Anthropologist special issue "The Miami Circle: Fieldwork, Research and Analysis," the second publication of the Florida Anthropological Society dedicated to the Miami Circle, which includes 7 articles on the Circle.

June 2006

The Florida Division of Historical Resources enters into a client agency agreement with the Florida Department of Management Services for design and permitting of the new Miami Circle seawall.

September 2006

The National Historic Landmark theme study Southern Florida Sites Associated with the Tequesta and Their Ancestors is approved by the National Park Service. Both the Mud Lake Canal in Monroe County and the Miami Circle are nominated for landmark status by the Division of Historical Resources.

December 2006

Publication of The Florida Anthropologist special issue "The Miami Circle: Fieldwork, Research and Analysis II," the third publication of the Florida Anthropological Society dedicated to the Miami Circle, which includes 6 articles on the Circle.

May 2007

The Department of Management Services and the Florida Department of State select the engineering firm Bermello Ajamil and Partners to design the new Miami Circle seawall.

June 2007

Florida Department of State and Florida Department of Management Services personnel, along with engineers from Bermello Ajamil Associates respond to the partial collapse of the Miami Circle seawall. Assistance is provided by Florida Department of Environmental Protection and others. Bunnell Foundation Inc. is hired to stabilize the old seawall.

November 2007

The Florida Inland Navigation District (FIND) awards the Florida Department of State $751,175.00 in grant funds to help with construction of the new Miami Circle seawall.

December 2007

The Florida Department of Environmental Protection approves the Miami Circle Management Plan.

March 2008

The National Park Service concludes the Miami Circle Special Resource Study, indicating that the property is not suitable for inclusion in the National Park System, recommending that the Division of Historical Resources identify a local partner organization to help with site management.

April 2008

The Florida Legislature authorizes the Florida Department of State to spend $2.2 million on the construction of a new Miami Circle seawall and park improvements.

October 2008

The Department of Management Services, the Historical Museum of Southern Florida and the Florida Department of State select the landscape architecture firm Glatting Jackson Kercher Anglin to design the Miami Circle Park.

December 2008

The Historical Museum of Southern Florida enters into a sublease for the Miami Circle with the Florida Division of Historical Resources, agreeing to serve as the local manager of the property.

January 2009

The Miami Circle is designated a National Historic Landmark by Secretary of the Interior Dirk Kempthorne.

March 2009

Ebsary Foundation Inc. begins construction of the new Miami Circle seawall.

May 2009

The Department of Management Services, the Historical Museum of Southern Florida and the Florida Department of State select Zurqui Construction Services to serve as the Construction Manager at Risk for the Miami Circle Park development.

May 2009

The Florida Department of Management Services issues a Certificate of Substantial Completion for the new Miami Circle seawall.

May 22, 2009

The board of the Florida Inland Navigation District votes to award an additional $152,308.00 in grant funding for the development of the Miami Circle Park.

August 14, 2009

The Historical Museum of Southern Florida and the Florida Department of State stage a ground breaking ceremony for the new Miami Circle Park. Speakers include the mayor and commissioners from the City of Miami and the Florida Secretary of State.

June 2010

Zurqui Construction Services begins building the Miami Circle Park.